Financial Industry Megamergers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Industry Megamergers - Research Paper Example One of them is connected with the regulatory agreements of megamergers which actually are dependent on the antitrust concentration. Hoenig (1999) is worried that when megamergers become the prevalent financial institutions, governments will be forced to close down those that become less influential, out of fear to create unsecure financial system. Thus, the government implicitly guarantees such mergers that might be uninsured depositors or creditors, which eventually lead to unstable and less efficient financial structure (Hoenig, 1999). Hoenig (1999) says that he is less optimistic about the challenges that occur in the merging processes. He also suspects that in the near future financial specialists have to cope with merger institutions that are "too big to fail" and advises that experts have to carefully balance between the "economic benefits of consolidation" and the "potential costs to the financial system (p.2)." Hoenig (1999) remarks that consolidation in the financial services happen in three dimensions: within the banking industry, between banks and other financial organizations and across national borders. Up to 1999, there is an apparent decline of banking institutions. In the 1980s the number of banks in the United States is about 12 thousand. The estimated number in 1999 is 7 thousand (Hoenig, 1999). The same trend is occurring in most of the European countries. In the U.S the alliance is between commercial banking and investment banking services. In Europe, the model unifies the banking and insurance operations (Hoenig, 1999). Hoenig (199) discusses that the primary reason for consolidation in the financial services industry is to overcome possible problems and weaknesses caused by real estate lending, for instance. Another important factor is the development of telecommunication and information technology which lowered the prices of the banking sector. Greater economies of scale are achieved through merging various services, forcing small companies to merge in order to increase the competition (Hoenig, 1999). Legal boundaries have also been removed, so that interstate banking is now feasible. International consolidation is a fact with many countries opening up their "domestic financial markets by liberalizing foreign ownership of domestic financial institutions (Hoenig, 1999, p.3)." Megamergers pose serious questions about the public policy, such as whether the consolidation is in the public interest. Thus, banking agencies and Justice Departments have to take into consideration public policies before confirming an acquisition (Hoenig, 1999). To satisfy the public interests banking organizations continue to be active even after merging especially in order to create good records for servicing their communities. Hoenig (1999) highlights that megamergers in the U.S do not have antitrust problems and follow the traditional merger recommendations, focusing on different range of financial activities. The new policy issues that Hoenig (1999) mentions concern the protections of the financial conglomerates guaranteed by the government as "too big to fall" institutions. This can lead to serious consequences. Because the activities of these megamergers constitute a large proportion of the country's payment system, possible

Renal Failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Renal Failure - Essay Example Countless studies have linked diet, lifestyle and habits to several forms of kidney Disease. Diet has been a strong linked to development of common adult ailments (Health and Home, 2002). According to International Federations of Kidney Foundations and International Society of Nephrology (Sun-Star, 2007), one (1) of every (10) adult may possibly suffer from renal disease. In United States, Chronic Kidney Disease prevalence has been continuously rising over the past years; researchers at John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (2008) say. In their investigation, it was explored in the overall prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), there have been around 10% increase of population suffering it during 1988-1994; while 13% during 1999-2004. does not experience any symptoms and therefore may be unaware that they have it, but there are simple tests which can detect the condition. If CKD remains undetected, it can progress to established kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplantation, very poor health and in some cases early death (CDC, 2009). This study aims to document the live experiences of patients who are suffering from renal failure, at the same time, design a health care plan for the patients. By doing so, the appropriate care of the health care team will be improved in such a way that it could assist patients and their loved ones recognize as well as cope with the challenges they confront in combating kidney failure. With positive outlook, determination and education, health care team will hopefully be one with the patient and family. Review of Related Literature Presented in this section are the various readings and findings of different authors in order to provide necessary background and framework of the study, most especially on methodology . According to the American family physician that chronic kidney disease are the major health problem that are increasingly throughout the world. In which this problem could lead to heart diseases if not treated earlier and because a lot of people don't know the real definition of kidney problem and do not enough facilities in the Lived Experiences 3 detection and evaluation of the disease (Johnson, et.al., 2004). Sometimes people are unaware that their kidneys are not functioning properly. This is because kidneys are very adaptable. Even when most of a kidney is not working the remaining portion will increase its activity to compensate for the loss, (Gerry, 2006). Some cases of renal disease has no symptoms which can lead to chronic complication or serious health problem; although there are guidelines for early identification of the disease that will help people save their lives in a way of early detection. The guidelines tend to offer some simple test for CKD if they have risk factors like diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and a family history of kidney failure (NICE, 2008). Data from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) indicated that there has been an increase of 104% in the prevalence of chronic renal failure (CRF) between the years